poultry industry in Libya has recently experienced significant growth, which is critical for 

improving food security. However, Toxoplasma gondii poses a threat to this industry because it infects warm-blooded 

animals, including poultry. Chickens, particularly free-range chickens, may serve as an important reservoir for T. 

gondii, yet there are no reports regarding the prevalence of this disease in free-range chickens in Libya. Understanding 

the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma in poultry is crucial for mitigating these risks and ensuring the health of the poultry 

industry.

Aim: This study examines the occurrence of T. gondii infection in poultry and evaluates its impact on public health in 

Libya.

Methods: A total of 315 free-range chickens were procured, with blood serum samples collected from the Al-Marj 

(n = 123), El-Bayda (n = 104), and Derna (n = 88) districts. The sera were analyzed using the indirect enzyme-linked 

immunosorbent assay. The chi-square test was used to evaluate a significant correlation between the seroprevalence of 

T. gondii and area, sex, and age.

Results: The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies was 23.8%. Among the districts, the highest prevalence 

was recorded in Al-Marj (26.8%), followed by El-Bayda (25%) and Derna (18.2%). Male chickens had a higher 

prevalence rate (26%; 25/96) than females (22.8%; 50/219), although no statistical difference was found between the 

genders. Interestingly, older chickens had a significantly higher seroprevalence (39.2%; 31/79) than younger chickens 

(28.6%; 24/84).

Conclusion: In Libya, free-range chickens are a potential source of Toxoplasma infection, with older chickens having 

a significantly higher seroprevalence than younger chickens. These free-range chickens could pose an infection risk 

to humans.

Toxocariasis masih menjadi masalah pada pedet dan merugikan secara ekonomi. Kecamatan Panjatan Kulonprogo memiliki populasi pedet yang besar dan memiliki masalah Toxocariasis juga. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyidik prevalensi dan mengidentifikasi faktor risiko infeksi Toxocarara vitulorum pada pedet di Panjatan Kulonprogo. Enam ratus enam puluh spesimen feses diambil dari pedet-pedet di 6 desa di kecamatan Panjatan dengan teknik rambang klaster. Faktor risiko yang diamati meliputi aspek manajemen, hospes, lingkungan dan manajemen kesehatan. Diagnosis laboratorium dilakukan dengan metode pengapungan air garam Fulleborne dan sistem penghitungan telur Mc Master. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat. Prevalensi infeksi Toxocara vitulorum sebesar 4, 7%. Beberapa faktor risiko yang berkaitan dengan Toxocariasis adalah asal-asal ternak (OR= 3), umur (OR= 2, 43), jenis pedet (OR= 2, 24), asal usul pedet (OR= 5, 85), sumber air minum (OR= 10) dan pedet yang dicampur dengan induk atau hewan lainnya (OR= 3, 0).

Toxocariasis has been a problem in calf and made some economic lost. Panjatan Kulonprogo has calves population which has toxocariasis problem too. This study conducted to investigate the prevalence and identified the risk factors of Toxocara vitulorum infection calves in Panjatan Kulonprogo. Six hundred and sixty faeces specimens were tahen from calves in six villages around Panjatan Kulonprogo by clustered random sampling teehniq the risk factors that were obtained in this study were management. Laboratory diagnostics were done by Fülleborne’ s salty wat